NEUROPHYSICS AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
The scientific direction in neurophysics and neurophysiology is not a central direction in the laboratory today. The main reason for the creation of this direction in the laboratory and for participation in such research at MONIKI was the choice of one of the main directions for research in the laboratory - the direction of studying of functioning of the human and animal brain in applications to the task of creating intelligent medical robotics. The existing tasks in other divisions of MONIKI (primarily, in the neurology and neurosurgery departments), which could be attempted to be solved jointly with the participation of physicists and engineers of our laboratory, also played a role. In the application to medical problems, first of all, it concerns biophysical and neurophysiological mechanisms of infringements of normal work and the reasons of occurrence of diseases of a brain of human and animals. Today, actually, there is not any effective neurophysiological theory of cogitative work of a brain and its infringements. Therefore, investigations in a direction of search of ways of creation of such a theory are an actual and perspective problem of fundamental science. This problem also enters today in sight of laboratory of medical and physics research taking into account necessity and an extreme urgency of the resolving of problems of early revealing and effective treatment of such diseases of a brain as a multiple sclerosis (disseminated sclerosis), brain tumours, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc. All this determined our interest in developing this line of research in our laboratory in parallel with studies of cognitive impairments in humans and animals under the influence of nanoparticles (see the section "Safety of Nanotechnologies")
The main directions of scientific work:
1) Neurooncology: research and development of new effective methods of surgical and radio-surgical treatment of tumours of a brain (together with department of neurosurgery of MONIKI). Development of laser methods of intraoperation diagnostics of brain tumours.
2) Neurology: Studying of mechanisms of development of autoimmune process at a multiple sclerosis. Development of methods and equipment for the transimmunization including the UV-irradiation of blood cells of patients with multiple sclerosis, an incubation of blood cells and the subsequent retransfusion (together with departments of neurology and surgical haemocorrection and detoxication of MONIKI).
3) Neurooftalmology: research of mechanisms of infringement of visual perception of images at ambliopia (together with the department of ophthalmology of MONIKI).
4) Neurology: development of methods of early diagnostics of risk of development of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (together with MPTI and department of neurology of MONIKI).
Basic research methods:
1) Intraoperative estimation of prevalence of tumoral process in a brain by a method of laser fluorescent spectroscopy with photosensitizers.
2) Evaluation of influence of transimmunized blood cells (monocytes) on a current of autoimmune process as a result of extracorporal photochemotherapy of multiple sclerosis.
3) Measurement of visually-cogitative functions and reactions of the person at ambliopia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease by means of functional optometry.
The main research in this area was carried out by the laboratory in 2010-2020. Currently, no new biomedical research is planned with other departments of the Institute. Research is carried out by the laboratory independently within the framework of the direction of medical robotics (see the section "Medical robots")